Educational guides to clinical biochemistry, metabolism, enzymes, proteins, electrolytes, and biochemical testing concepts.
Dig into the electrolyte and metabolic panels that reveal how your body is really functioning.
Start Here →
A troponin test is a blood test that measures troponin, a protein found in heart muscle cells. When heart muscle is damaged, troponin can leak into the bloodstream. This is why troponin is one of the most important blood tests used when a heart attack is suspected. MedlinePlus explains that troponin is normally present in … Read more
A PSA blood test measures prostate-specific antigen in the blood. PSA is a protein made by cells of the prostate gland. It can be produced by normal prostate cells as well as prostate cancer cells. This is why PSA is useful, but also why it can be misunderstood. A raised PSA does not automatically mean … Read more
eGFR stands for estimated glomerular filtration rate. It is a blood-test-based estimate of how well the kidneys are filtering waste from the blood. Many people first notice eGFR when it appears beside creatinine on a kidney function test report. The number can feel worrying, especially if it is highlighted as low. But eGFR is not … Read more
Discover what clinical biochemistry involves as a laboratory discipline, the tests it covers, and how it supports diagnosis and monitoring in modern healthcare.
Understand what electrolyte blood tests measure, what normal and abnormal sodium, potassium, chloride, and bicarbonate levels indicate, and how these results are used clinically.
Understand what vitamin B12 and folate blood tests measure, what causes deficiency, and how laboratory results are interpreted in clinical practice.
Inflammation markers including ESR, CRP, ferritin, and procalcitonin help detect and monitor inflammation and infection. This guide explains what each measures and how they are used together.
Blood glucose tests include fasting glucose, random glucose, and the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). This guide explains how each is used to diagnose and monitor diabetes and prediabetes.
Thyroid function tests measure TSH, free T4, and sometimes free T3 to assess how well the thyroid gland is working. This guide explains what each result means and how the tests are used.
C-reactive protein (CRP) is an inflammation marker produced by the liver. This guide explains what a CRP blood test measures, what different result levels mean, and how hs-CRP differs from standard CRP.